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п»їMatching Contribution.
What Is a Matching Contribution?
A matching contribution is a type of contribution an employer chooses to make to their employee's employer-sponsored retirement plan. The contribution is based on elective deferral contributions that the employee makes.
Key Takeaways.
Matching contributions are based on elective deferral contributions. An employer might match a certain amount of an employee's contributions. It can take years for a vesting period to begin.
How a Matching Contribution Works.
Generally, the employer's contribution may match the employee's elective deferral contribution up to a certain dollar amount or percentage of compensation. For example, an employer might match 50% of an employee’s contribution.
It often takes several years or a vesting period for this benefit to begin. When an employee is vested, then they legally own the money their employer has contributed to their 401(k) or other retirement accounts. If an employee leaves the company, they will lose the right to claim any matching contribution funds in which they are not yet fully vested.
Vesting also has strong ties to employee retention. Stock bonuses, for example, can entice valued employees to remain with the company for several years, particularly if the company is promising and might be acquired or go public in the coming year(s), which would mean the employee’s stock would multiply in value. In some cases, vesting is immediate.
For example, employees are 100% vested in SEP and SIMPLE employer contributions. With regards to a 401(k), a cliff vesting or graded vesting schedule may escalate toward a full matched contribution. Employers should make the vesting schedule available to employees along with information about the 401(k) plan.
Matching Contribution and Retirement Savings.
With or without an employer’s matched contributions, individuals have several options when saving for retirement. As noted above, they can contribute to their own individual retirement account (IRA) or Roth IRA, along with a company’s 401(k) plan. For smaller companies, SEP and SIMPLE plans could be more effective.
The most common form of a matched contribution occurs in a 401(k) plan, however. Notably, 401(k)s are qualified employer-sponsored retirement plans that employees contribute to on a post-tax and/or pretax basis. Employers may make matching or non-elective contributions to the plan on behalf of eligible employees and may add an additional profit-sharing feature.
Earnings in a 401(k) plan accrue on a tax-deferred basis. This means that within a given year, an employee will not have to pay taxes on these funds; however, when she or he withdraws the amount at 59ВЅ, the eligible retirement age, she or he pays ordinary income tax if the initial contribution is pre-tax. If the employee withdraws funds prior to 59ВЅ for a non-qualified reason, they could incur a 10% penalty.
Individuals must also take required minimum distributions (RMDs) before they reach a certain age, generally 72. Because of compounding, the longer these funds stay in retirement accounts, the more valuable they become. This is very important for individuals saving for retirement and a time at which they might not have steady income; however, the U.S. economy also needs to keep enough of these funds in circulation.
If the plan allows—and the employee is still employed after they reach age 72—the RMD can be delayed until April 1 following the year the employee retires.
Fixed Annuity.
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A fixed annuity is an insurance contract that guarantees the insurer will pay the purchaser a guaranteed, fixed interest rate on their contributions to the annuity for a specific period of time. Fixed annuities are lower risk than variable annuities and can provide a steady stream of income in retirement.
Fixed annuities are the simplest and most straightforward type of annuities. They also provide the most predictable and reliable income stream, usually with the lowest fees.
A fixed annuity can be immediate or deferred. That is, depending on your contract, you may start receiving annuity payments within a year of purchasing your fixed annuity or you may have the payments start at a later time. Deferred annuities typically start payments at retirement.
In deciding whether a fixed annuity is right for you, you should consider how it works and how it compared with other types of annuities.
What Is a Fixed Annuity?
A fixed annuity is a contract between you and an insurance provider. A fixed annuity provides a way to save money over the long term, allowing interest to accumulate tax deferred.
You pay for a steady stream of income. The insurance company guarantees your principal and a minimum interest rate.
How Does a Fixed Annuity Work?
How the money in your fixed annuity grows will be spelled out in your contract. It may be by a set dollar amount, an interest rate or by another formula specified in the contract. Unlike variable annuities and indexed annuities, fixed annuities are not linked to the performance of a portfolio or another investment.
Income payments from a fixed annuity can be guaranteed for life or for a set number of years, depending on the terms of the contract specifying the annuity payout options.
You may also elect to receive it in a lump sum. This is known as a multi-year guaranteed annuity.
Fixed Annuity Pros and Cons.
With any investment, it’s wise to consider the pros and cons before deciding which choice is right for you.
Current Fixed Annuity Rates.
When funds are building through interest or deposits — before payments begin — the annuity is in what is referred to as the accumulation phase.
During the accumulation phase of a fixed annuity, the current interest rate is applied. This annuity rate is guaranteed for that time period.
After the end of the set time period, another interest rate, known as the renewal rate, applies. The contract will provide details regarding how the renewal rate will be established.
Are Fixed Annuities Guaranteed?
Your fixed annuity contract will include a minimum guaranteed rate. The guarantee from the annuity company is that the interest on your fixed annuity will not dip below that rate. The company also guarantees the principal investment.
Overall, annuity funds are not guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other federal insurance agency. They are regulated and guaranteed by state insurance commissions.
Fixed and Variable Annuity Differences.
Fixed annuities differ from variable annuities in the way the interest rates are determined. With fixed annuities, interest rates are clearly outlined in the contract. The growth rate of variable annuities depends on the performance of an investment portfolio.
The three main differences are:
Fixed Variable Interest is determined on the date of the contract Interest depends on performance of investments Low risk Higher risk Predictable, simple Complicated, more difficult to understand.
Fixed and Indexed Annuity Differences.
Index annuities combine the features of fixed and variable annuities. Here are the main differences between fixed and indexed annuities:
What Fixed Costs Do Insurance Companies Have?
6 Tips to Save Using the Most Popular Food Delivery Apps.
Different types of expenses incurred in the operation of a business are referred to with various terms. One type of expense is called a fixed cost. Fixed costs remain the same over a period of time in the face of changing business volume. This is in contrast to variable costs, which increase with increased business volume and diminish when business is slower. Like other industries, the insurance industry incurs both variable and fixed costs.
Rent and Utilities.
Some examples of fixed costs incurred by the insurance industry are rent on buildings and utilities. Rent is not sensitive to changes in business volume and utilities such as electricity and water use are typically considered fixed costs in the insurance business.
It is important to note, however, that there is such a thing as a mixed cost. Utilities are sometimes considered mixed costs. The portion of electricity and water use consumed in maintaining the building in the absence of any substantive business is a fixed cost. But, if there is an exceptionally large amount of business and the use of these utilities increases, then that additional cost is regarded as variable. However, because the act of selling insurance is not water or power intensive (as is some industrial production), this expense will most likely be considered a fixed cost.
Employee Compensation.
Employee compensation is another example of an expense that may be considered a fixed cost. Support personnel who receive an hourly wage and work a consistent number of hours represent a fixed cost for the company.
Insurance agents’ compensation, however, would not likely be included in this category because agents work primarily on commission. Commission paid by the company to agents is in direct proportion to the amount of business that is done. That is a variable cost.
Licenses and Dues.
Regulatory or licensure costs borne by companies or individuals are almost always pure fixed costs. Unlike the wages of full-time employees (which may occasionally see overtime or unpaid holidays) or managers (which are usually salaried but may be subject to bonuses), the cost of a licenses or permits remains the same whether it lies stagnant or is used for prolific business activity.
Other fixed costs may be various agreements or contracts. For example, to avoid the variable cost of intermittent computer problems and their resolution, a company may enter into a contract with a technical support provider, paying a monthly fee for all-inclusive service. Membership dues in various social or business organizations would also constitute fixed costs.
Jake LeBrun began writing professionally in 2010, with his work appearing on various websites and in his college newspaper. He holds licenses in Louisiana in life and health insurance and specializes in writing about financial topics. LeBrun holds a Bachelor of Science in finance from McNeese State University.
Property Insurance Coverage Law Blog.
THE POLICYHOLDER'S ADVOCATEВ®
Matching Issues and New Endorsements Creating an Insurance Coverage Gap.
Insurance company law firm Matthiessen, Wickert & Lehrer have updated a thorough discussion of the adjustment issue of matching in an article, ”Matching Regulations” And Laws Affecting Homeowners’ Property Claims In All 50 States . From their view, they noted the current state of affairs regarding matching:
It remains one of the most difficult issues to deal with in the world of property insurance. Homeowners’ insurance policies usually contain a provision obligating the carrier to repair or replace an insured’s damaged property with вЂmaterial of like kind and quality’ or with вЂsimilar material.’ They cover property damage resulting from вЂsudden and accidental’ losses. When damage caused by fire, smoke, water, hail, or other causes results in a small portion of a home or building being damaged ( e.g. , shingles, siding, carpet, cabinets, etc.), whether and when a carrier must replace non-damaged portions of a building in order for there to be a perfect match remains a point of contention. It is a matter of great importance to insurance companies because вЂmatching’ problems with a slightly damaged section of roof or flooring can lead to a domino effect of tear out and replacement costs of many items which are not damaged. The problem of partial replacement is especially troubling where the damaged siding or shingles have been discontinued, making it virtually impossible to properly match. To replace only the damaged portion would result in an obvious aesthetic deficit due to a clear difference in the appearance of the replaced portion of the building from the portion that remains undamaged. Would the entire structure need to be re-sided or the entire roof re-shingled? Or is it sufficient to replace just one wall of siding or just a few shingles? Whether or not the insurance company must pay to replace entire sections of the structure in order to bring the property back to its previous uniformity and aesthetics can bring various state insurance laws and regulations into play. On the one hand, many pundits claim that the terms of the insurance policy require the carrier to pay the cost to вЂrepair or replace with similar construction for the same use on the premises.’ They argue that вЂsimilar’ doesn’t mean matching exactly. Others argue that coverage for вЂmatching’ and вЂuniformity’ under a homeowner’s policy doesn’t exist without a specific endorsement. The truth lies somewhere in between and can vary greatly from state to state.
In the Merlin Law Group Condominium Law Blog, I noted a recent case denying the costs of matching in, Associations Which Require Uniform Appearance Should Not Be Sold Policies With Anti-Matching Language . There, a policy was sold to a townhome owners association with an endorsement that excluded matching:
9. Undamaged material. We will not pay to repair or replace undamaged material due to mismatch between undamaged material and new material used to repair or replace damaged material. We do not cover the loss in value to any property due to mismatch between undamaged material and new material used to repair or replace damaged material.
Why an insurance agent would ever sell an insurance policy to an association with anti-matching language is beyond me. I find it ironic that Wikipedia lists both “insurance” and “appearance standards” as benefits for owners in associations. The uniform appearance standards often found in association regulations simply make it negligent for agents to sell anti-matching policies to associations who are supposed to purchase insurance that meets the requirements of the association. Agents should read the by-laws for all associations as a matter of necessary action before selling any association policy to ensure that the people relying upon the agent are purchasing what is required.
The National Association of Insurance Commissioners lists the flowing as an unfair claims practice in its model act:
When a covered loss for real property requires the replacement of or items and the replacement items do not match in quality, color or size, the insurer shall replace items in the area so as to conform to a reasonably uniform appearance. This applies to interior and exterior losses. The insured shall not bear any cost over the applicable deductible, if any.
Insurance regulators have noted that not matching is a coverage gap problem to such a degree they have deemed it an unfair claims practice when it happens. Having recognized this as an unfair claim practice, they should not then allow insurers to include language excluding matching. Alternatively, they should severely prevent the selling of such insurance products without mortgagee approval and significant warnings given to the policyholder of the potential negative impact of such language.
Thought For The Day.
I like things matching. I have an upright bass, a drum kit and a grand piano that’s the same color. I tend to overthink things. —Penn Jillette.
Fixed universal life.
Fixed universal life provides flexible premium payments and reliable cash value growth tied to a fixed interest rate, offering stable growth over time.
Because these policies have a guaranteed crediting rate, you are not subject to investment risk and your cash value accumulates regardless of market fluctuations.
Fixed universal life is less risky than other universal life policies, so its growth potential is the most limited.
Benefits to you.
Lifetime protection for your loved ones Flexible premiums allow you to adjust your payments, or you can choose a fixed amount Ability to adjust your benefit amount to align with your changing life – you may want more coverage as your family grows and later decide to reduce your benefit as your children gain independence 1 Ability to build stable, tax-deferred cash value on a tax-preferred basis for unexpected expenses such as travel opportunities, supplemental retirement income or college funding Protection from market fluctuation.
Considerations.
If you do not pay enough premium, the policy may lapse Loans and withdrawals will impact both the death benefit and policy surrender value.
Ready to purchase life insurance?
Call Securian Financial at 1-877-491-5271 or contact us online to talk about your insurance needs.
Estimate your needs.
Find out how much life insurance you need.
Life insurance FAQs.
Understanding the ins and outs of life insurance can be a challenge. Here are some simple answers to the most common questions about life insurance.
Ask a professional.
A financial professional can help you analyze your needs and help you choose the insurance that’s right for you.
Related articles.
Term life insurance vs. permanent life insurance.
There are two types of life insurance, term life insurance and permanent life insurance. Learn the difference between and which might be right for you.
Buying life insurance at work.
You get other benefits at work – but have you considered life insurance? Learn about life insurance coverage through your employer.
Naming a beneficiary: What you need to know.
Choosing beneficiaries is essential to ensuring your benefits are paid to who you want to receive them. Learn who you can designate, when to change your beneficiary, and more.
1 Additional underwriting may be required to increase insurance coverage.
Insurance policy guarantees are subject to the financial strength and claims-paying ability of the issuing insurance company.
Please keep in mind that the primary reason to purchase a life insurance product is the death benefit.
Life insurance products contain fees, such as mortality and expense charges (which may increase over time), and may contain restrictions, such as surrender periods. Policyholders could lose money in this product.
Policy loans and withdrawals may create an adverse tax result in the event of lapse or policy surrender, and will reduce both the surrender value and death benefit. Withdrawals may be subject to taxation within the first fifteen years of the contract. You should consult your tax advisor when considering taking a policy loan or withdrawal.
Depending upon actual policy experience, clients may need to increase premium payments to keep the policy in force.
This information is a general discussion of the relevant federal tax laws provided to promote ideas that may benefit a taxpayer. It is not intended for, nor can it be used by any taxpayer for the purpose of voiding federal tax penalties. Taxpayers should seek the advice of their own advisors regarding any tax and legal issues specific to their situation.
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Insurance products are issued by Minnesota Life Insurance Company or Securian Life Insurance Company, a New York authorized insurer. Minnesota Life is not an authorized New York insurer and does not do insurance business in New York. Both companies are headquartered in Saint Paul, MN. Property and casualty insurance products are issued by Securian Casualty Company, a New York authorized insurer. Product availability and features may vary by state. Each insurer is solely responsible for the financial obligations under the policies or contracts it issues.
Securities, variable insurance products and investment advisory services offered through Securian Financial Services, Inc., registered investment advisor, member FINRA/SIPC.
This is a general communication for informational and educational purposes. The information is not designed, or intended, to be applicable to any person’s individual circumstances. It should not be considered investment advice, nor does it constitute a recommendation that anyone engage in (or refrain from) a particular course of action. If you are seeking investment advice or recommendations, please contact your financial professional.
Securian Financial is the marketing name for Securian Financial Group, Inc., and its affiliates.
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